OOPS Principles

1.     Abstraction
2.     Encapsulation
3.     Inheritance
4.     Polymorphism

1.Abstraction

Hiding internal details and showing functionality is known as abstraction.

Example: phone call, working of car

Advantages of Abstraction

1. Only show essential details to end user.

2. Hide complexity.

3. Security.

      2. Encapsulation

           Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit is known as encapsulation.
            Example: capsule

Advantages of Encapsulation:

1. A read-only (immutable) or write-only class can be made.

2. Control over the data.

3. It helps in achieving high cohesion and low coupling in the code.

3.Polymorphism

One task is performed by different ways i.e. is known as polymorphism.

Example: God.

Types of polymorphism:

1. Static/compile time polymorphism (by method overloading).

2. Dynamic/run time polymorphism (by method overriding).

4. Inheritance

When one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of parent object i.e. known as inheritance.

Why inheritance is used?

1. Code re-usability.

2. Run-time polymorphism

Types of inheritance:

1.     Single inheritance
2.     Multilevel inheritance
3.     Hierarchical inheritance
4.     multiple inheritance
5.     Hybrid inheritance